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Steps Involved in Genomic DNA Extraction
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An Introduction to Genomic DNA

Genomic DNA,  or gDNA, is the chromosomal DNA that encodes the genome of the organism, which includes all the biological information that is transferred to the next generation. It is very large and includes both coding and noncoding regions.

The Procedure for Genomic DNA Extraction

In order to study this, or use it in other applications, it must first be extracted from the cell. This can be accomplished by following a general procedure.

First, the walls of the cell membrane must be broken apart. This is referred to as cell lysis, and can be completed a few different ways. It can be done enzymatically using lysozyme, which digests peptidoglycans in the cell wall, and proteinase K, which helps remove contaminants. It can also be achieved mechanically, utilizing a popular bead beating protocol where 0.1 mm glass beads are vortexed with the sample. Mechanical lysis is generally faster and more efficient than enzymatic means. Once lysis has occurred, proteins and other contaminants can be removed by adding detergents and surfactants.

Next, the DNA must be isolated. An ethanol precipitation can be used and enhanced by the addition of sodium acetate, the DNA forming a pellet upon centrifuging. A phenol-chloroform extraction can also be used where phenol denatures the proteins. A couple important points to make are that the sample should be kept at a low temperature to prevent the DNA from degrading. Chemical inhibitors should also be employed to prevent DNAse activity, and a protein precipitation step should be performed to remove the nucleases. These will help maintain the integrity of the DNA for downstream applications.

There are also  kits  available to streamline this process making it very cost-effective and efficient. They can vary based on the sample type and can yield DNA ready to use in downstream processes. Once isolated, gDNA can be used to make   genomic librariesDNA sequencing,  fingerprinting,  PCR amplification templates,  Southern Blot analysis, SNP analysis,   DNA methylation research,  and other applications. Again, for most processes, the quality of the data is dependent upon the integrity of the DNA extracted, where great care should be taken to prevent its degradation.

BioChain: Ease and Convenience

BioChain's genomic DNA is ready-to-use high-quality material isolated from a wide variety of well-documented tissue repositories. We offer customized gDNA as reference samples and bulk OEM manufacturing.
  • Genomic DNA isolated from almost any tissues of human, animal, plants and tumor cell lines
  • Human normal and disease
  • Decontamination of polysaccharide and proteoglycan
  • Male and female control genomic DNAs from humans and various animal species
  • Extensive quality control procedures ensure high quality genomic DNA
  • High efficiency in PCR
  • Documentation of tissues’ clinical histories available
  • Author

    BioChain Institute Inc.

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